![](data:image/png;base64,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DueƱas-Huanca et al. 11
4. DiscusiĆ³n
4.1. Riqueza de plantas Ćŗtiles
Este estudio permitiĆ³ registrar 141 especies Ćŗtiles distribuidas en 100 gĆ©neros y 53 familias, comparando con
Rado Janzic (2011) cuya investigaciĆ³n desarrollada en el distrito de Ocongate, Quispicanchi, Cusco; encontrĆ³
en total 127 especies perteneciente a 35 familias cuya utilidad etnobotĆ”nica fue evaluada para 11 categorĆas
similares a las consideradas en el presente trabajo. En Acopia las familias mƔs ricas en especies fueron:
Asteraceae (25 especies), Poaceae (9) y Fabaceae (8), en el mismo contexto en Rado Janzic (2011) se reconoce
para la comunidad de Ocongate a las familias: Asteraceae (50 especies), Poaceae (22) y Rosaceae (8), siendo el
patrĆ³n similar en cuanto al nĆŗmero de especies, esto se corrobora ademĆ”s a otros trabajos en la regiĆ³n andina
donde destacan a Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Poaceae y Rosaceae como las de mayor diversidad (Mathez-Stiefel &
Vandebroek, 2012) y que estas ademƔs son frecuentemente expendidas en los mercados de la ciudad del Cusco
(Huamantupa et al., 2011) y en otros como los mercados de la regiĆ³n andina del sur de Ecuador (Tinitana et
al., 2016). A nivel de gƩneros destacan Oxalis, Baccharis y Solanum, con la mayor riqueza de especies, Ʃstas
ademĆ”s de ser taxas tĆpicas de la regiĆ³n andina son de ecosistemas ubicados por encima de los 3000 msnm,
caracterizados por conformar una vegetaciĆ³n herbĆ”cea cespitosa, graminosa y con la presencia de arbustales
en ciertos lugares.
En concreto, en la comunidad de Acopia las taxas registradas como Ćŗtiles son las frecuentemente utilizadas en
otras comunidades andinas en el sur peruano, pero presenta algunas especies que al parecer son propiamente
de estas zonas como: Reboulia sp y Bryum sp, que pertenecen a los Bryofitos.
4.2. Valores y categorĆas de uso
De acuerdo al nĆŗmero de especies por categorĆas las mĆ”s resaltantes fueron: ME con 125 especies, AAD con
88 y CU con 47. Similar patrĆ³n registra Estrada Becerra & Pfuro Tapia (2013) en las comunidades de Rondocan,
donde: Medicinal estĆ” representada por 77 especies, Combustible con 17 y Ornamental con 16, en el mismo
contexto Rado Janzic (2011) en las comunidades Ocongate, reporta: Medicinales con 88 especies, Forrajeros
(28) y DomĆ©sticos con 19. En general la categorĆa Medicinal es frecuentemente la que integra la mayor
diversidad de especies y es mayoritariamente mencionado por los pobladores en Acopia, dentro de ella
destacan las familias Asteraceas y Lamiaceas, gran parte de ellas aplicadas en la preparaciĆ³n de infusiones y
decocciones para tratar diversas dolencias. Esta categorĆa tambiĆ©n es referida en varios otros trabajos
etnobotĆ”nicos, como la mĆ”s destacada en la regiĆ³n andina (Mathez-Stiefel & Vandebroek, 2012; AlbĆ”n-Castillo
et al., 2021).
En Acopia se registraron ademĆ”s especies frecuentes de uso como medicinal para toda la regiĆ³n andina de
Cusco y que tambiƩn se comparten en zonas andinas de Ecuador (Quito) y en Bolivia (La Paz), estƔs incluyen
algunas especies naturalizadas de procedencia exĆ³tica, de estas destacan: Acaulimalva engleriana āturpayā,
Salvia oppositiflora āƱuqchuā, Buddleja incana ākiswarā, Stachys herrerae āUray cancerā, Lepechinia meyenii
āsalviaā, Grindellia boliviana āchiri chiriā, Cosmos peucedanifolius āpurun pantiā, Brassica rappa āyuyoā, Malva
parviflora āmalvaā, entre otras ( Mantilla HolguĆn & OlazĆ”bal Castillo, 2004; Estrada Becerra & Pfuro Tapia,
2013; Huamantupa et al., 2011; Rado Janzic, 2011; Mathez-Stiefel & Vandebroek, 2012).
Las demĆ”s categorĆas que concentraron mayor diversidad de especies fueron: ADD con 88 especies, CU (47),
AH (41), CO (33) y BA con 30 especies. Es interesante que la categorĆa de alimento para animales estĆ©
representada por mƔs del 60 % del total de plantas evaluadas, esto indica claramente que en la localidad de
Acopia se reconoce la importancia de la alimentaciĆ³n para los animales tanto domĆ©sticos y silvestres, dado
que en estas zonas la otra actividad en similar frecuencia a la agricultura es la ganaderĆa. Las categorĆas como
CU, AH, son tambiƩn similares a los registrados en otros trabajos de zonas aledaƱas como los de Rado Janzic
(2011) y Estrada Becerra & Pfuro Tapia (2013), ya que comparten en comĆŗn hĆ”bitats y formaciones vegetales
similares. La categorĆa BA representada por 30 especies muestra que, en Acopia existe un conocimiento de la
importancia de las plantas que juegan papel importante en la conservaciĆ³n y mantenimiento de esos
ecosistemas, ellos refieren en general que estas plantas estƔn relacionadas al mantenimiento de los cuerpos de
agua, mantenimiento de los suelos, de la regeneraciĆ³n natural, la alimentaciĆ³n de la fauna a travĆ©s de procesos
de polinizaciĆ³n y dispersiĆ³n de las semillas, como sucede con las abejas que ayudan ademĆ”s a la floraciĆ³n y
fructificaciĆ³n de sus cultivos como la papa.
A nivel de especie con mayor valor de uso 13 y la que estĆ” presente en la mayorĆa de las categorĆas es Senna
birostris āmutuyā su presencia en 10 de las 11 categorĆas nos muestra su gran importancia y utilidad para los
pobladores de esta localidad por sus diferentes propiedades etnobotƔnicas, esta especie fue registrada en las
GENTRYANA. 1(1): e210 (2022). e-ISSN: 2961-2152