Composition and Diversity of Woody Flora in the Amazonian Terra Firme Forest of Fundo El Bosque - UNAMAD, Madre de Dios, Peru
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55873/gentryana.v3i2.436Keywords:
Peruvian Amazon, upland forest, floristic composition, alpha diversity, beta diversityAbstract
The lowland forests of the western Amazon are home to some of the highest levels of plant diversity on the planet; however, there is still little data on local patterns of plant composition and diversity, and studying them is important, especially given that these areas face severe environmental threats and challenges. The objective of this study was to assess the composition and diversity of woody flora in the lowland forest of the Fundo El Bosque-UNAMAD, in the Madre de Dios region of Peru. Ten 0.1-hectare (20 × 50 m) plots were randomly selected, where all woody individuals with a diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥ 2.5 cm were recorded. Floristic composition was analyzed through taxonomic identifications, while for diversity, Fisher’s alpha, Chao-1 indices, rarity curves, and beta diversity analysis were applied using cluster analysis and NMDS. A total of 1,617 individuals belonging to 397 species, 175 genera, and 59 families were recorded. The families with the greatest species richness were: Lauraceae (42 species), Fabaceae (41), and Sapotaceae (28); the most diverse genera were Inga, Ocotea, and Pouteria; and the most abundant species were Siparuna decipiens and Euterpe precatoria. Alpha diversity showed high values (greater than 100 on the Fisher alpha scale), with averages of 76.53. Beta diversity showed moderate similarities between plots (30–45%), indicating significant floristic turnover. The results confirm that the El Bosque Estate constitutes an important reservoir of Amazonian biodiversity and demonstrate the influence of local environmental heterogeneity on the patterns of composition and diversity of woody flora.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Nicole Eliane Vasquez-Bravo, Cristian Jhordi Pumalloclla De Souza, Williams Navarro-Mendoza, Hugo Brito Ccopa-Huayta, Sharon Pamela Olarte-Año, Yurema Clotilda Miranda-Aquino, Yoni Flora Fernández-Herrera, Hector Quispe-Solis
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