Quipu y blockchain: comparación histórico-funcional del registro, el control y la trazabilidad informacional
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55873/vm50dx96Palabras clave:
administración pública, arqueología digital, auditoría, gobernanza de datos, sistemas sociotécnicosResumen
La comparación entre el quipu inca y blockchain requiere diferenciar con precisión la semejanza funcional, la equivalencia tecnológica y la continuidad histórica. El objetivo fue reconocer convergencias y divergencias entre ambas arquitecturas de registro y determinar las condiciones que hacen metodológicamente válida la analogía. Se efectuó una revisión crítica integrativa, cualitativa e histórico-comparativa de 60 fuentes verificables publicadas entre 1980 y 2026; 42 fueron artículos científicos del periodo 2021-2026. La síntesis articuló análisis hermenéutico, triangulación de evidencia arqueológica, etnohistórica, contable y tecnológica, y valoración explícita de su solidez. Se identificaron correspondencias parciales en codificación convencional, agregación, redundancia documental, rendición de cuentas y circulación territorial de información. Las diferencias resultaron insalvables en criptografía, consenso protocolizado, replicación computacional, sellado temporal y ejecución programable. Se concluye que el quipu no fue blockchain ni contabilidad distribuida moderna, sino una arquitectura sociotécnica de registro y validación institucional comparable únicamente respecto de problemas funcionales. El marco propuesto fortalece la historia de la contabilidad, la administración pública y la gobernanza sostenible de datos indígenas.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Kory Carlos Galindo-Zúñiga
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
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